Weather & Climate
Weather instruments, climate graphs
Weather Instruments and Climate
Weather changes day to day; climate is the average weather over many years. We measure weather using instruments: thermometer (temperature), rain gauge (rainfall), barometer (air pressure), anemometer (wind speed).
Example
Reading a Climate Graph
A climate graph shows average monthly temperature (line) and rainfall (bars).
Durban: hot and wet in summer, mild and dry in winter
Cape Town: warm and dry in summer, cold and wet in winter
Johannesburg: warm and wet in summer, cold and dry in winter
Note
Remember
South Africa has summer rainfall in the east and interior, and winter rainfall in the Western Cape. Factors affecting climate: distance from the sea, altitude, ocean currents (warm Agulhas, cold Benguela).
Key Vocabulary
BarometerAn instrument that measures air pressure
Climate graphA graph showing monthly temperature and rainfall
AltitudeHeight above sea level
Ocean currentA continuous flow of water in the ocean
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Barometer
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