Mechanical Systems

Levers, gears and pulleys

Levers, Gears and Pulleys

Mechanical systems use parts that move to do work. A lever is a bar that pivots on a fulcrum to lift loads. Gears are toothed wheels that transfer movement. Pulleys use ropes and wheels to lift heavy objects. These make work easier by multiplying force.

Example

Examples of Mechanical Systems

Levers: seesaw, wheelbarrow, bottle opener, scissors Gears: bicycle (pedal gear turns chain turns wheel gear), clock Pulleys: flagpole, crane, window blinds A small gear turning a big gear = slower but more powerful

Note

Remember

Mechanical advantage means a machine makes work easier — you use less force but may need to move further. A longer lever handle = less effort needed. More pulleys = less force needed to lift.

Key Vocabulary

LeverA bar that turns on a fixed point to lift or move things

GearA toothed wheel that meshes with another to transfer motion

PulleyA wheel with a rope used to lift heavy loads

FulcrumThe fixed point on which a lever turns

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