Introduction to Multiplication
Understand multiplication as repeated addition
What is Multiplication? ✖️
Multiplication is a quick way to add the same number many times. Instead of writing 3 + 3 + 3 + 3, we say 4 groups of 3 or 4 × 3 = 12!
Example
Groups of Objects 🍪
2 plates with 5 cookies each:
🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪 🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪
2 × 5 = 10 cookies!
3 bags with 4 sweets each:
🍬🍬🍬🍬 🍬🍬🍬🍬 🍬🍬🍬🍬
3 × 4 = 12 sweets!
Example
Counting in Groups
Count in 2s: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 → that's 5 × 2 = 10
Count in 5s: 5, 10, 15, 20 → that's 4 × 5 = 20
Count in 10s: 10, 20, 30 → that's 3 × 10 = 30
Note
Remember 💡
Multiplication means equal groups! The × sign means 'groups of'. If groups are not equal, we cannot multiply — we must add.
Key Vocabulary
MultiplyAdding the same number again and again
GroupsCollections of the same number of objects
TimesAnother word for multiply (×)
Repeated additionAdding the same number over and over
ProductThe answer when we multiply
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