Apartheid in Detail

Apartheid laws, resistance and the struggle

Apartheid: Laws, Resistance and Struggle

Apartheid (1948-1994) was institutionalised racial segregation. Numerous laws classified people by race and restricted where they could live, work and learn. Resistance took many forms: protests, strikes, armed struggle and international solidarity.

Example

Apartheid and Resistance

Key laws: Group Areas, Population Registration, Bantu Education, Pass Laws Resistance: • 1952: Defiance Campaign • 1955: Freedom Charter • 1960: Sharpeville Massacre → ANC banned • 1976: Soweto Uprising • 1980s: Mass Democratic Movement, international sanctions

Note

Remember

Apartheid was declared a crime against humanity. The struggle involved ordinary people as well as leaders. International pressure (sanctions, boycotts) helped end apartheid. We must learn from this history.

Key Vocabulary

ApartheidSA's system of racial segregation (1948-1994)

SegregationForced separation of racial groups

SanctionA penalty imposed on a country to force change

SolidarityUnity among people fighting for the same cause

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Apartheid

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