Industrial Revolution
How industrialisation changed the world
The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution began in Britain around 1750. People moved from hand-making goods to using machines in factories. Steam power, coal and iron made mass production possible. People moved to cities to work in factories.
Example
Key Changes
Before: goods made by hand at home (cottage industry)
After: goods made by machines in factories (mass production)
Key inventions: steam engine, spinning jenny, power loom
Effects: urbanisation, railways, pollution, poor working conditions, child labour
Note
Remember
The Industrial Revolution made goods cheaper but caused terrible working conditions, pollution and inequality. Workers eventually formed trade unions to fight for better pay and conditions.
Key Vocabulary
IndustrialisationThe process of developing factories and machine production
FactoryA building where goods are made by machines
Mass productionMaking large quantities of goods using machines
Trade unionAn organisation that protects workers' rights
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Industrialisation
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